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February 25th, 2006The Multiple Natures ConjectureThis paper suggests that a quantum universe can be modeled as a discrete system of interacting particles by an algorithm. The only two postulates of the conjecture, mind and measurement, lead to a new method of predicting measurements from the model. The predictions are conjectured to be incomplete and varying with motion despite the algorithm computing precise values. The conjecture is explained in two parts, Newton's physics and modern physics.Newton's physicsThe following computer algorithm attempts to model three objects in Newtonian inertia and gravity.The first has a mass of 20kg, is located at 0,0,0, and is moving at sqrt(2) m/s: 1 along the x-axis and 1 along the y-axis. The second has a mass of 5kg, is located at 24,24,0, and is at rest. The last has a mass of 20kg, is located at 76,20,0, and is moving at sqrt(2) m/s: -1 along the x-axis and 1 along the y-axis. * Set the initial conditions ======================================= * The parameters are X, Y, Z, dX, dY, dZ, and mass local aObjects[3] aObjects[1] = create("Matter", 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 20) aObjects[2] = create("Matter", 24, 24, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5) aObjects[3] = create("Matter", 76, 20, 0, -1, 1, 0, 20) t = 0 * The laws of motion ============================================== do while .t. * Look at every object for each oP in aObjects * In motion stays in motion * At rest stays at rest oP.X = oP.X + oP.dX oP.Y = oP.Y + oP.dY oP.Z = oP.Z + oP.dZ * Look at every other object for each oP2 in aObjects if oP <> oP2 * Find its distance nX = oP.X - oP2.X nY = oP.Y - oP2.Y nZ = oP.Z - oP2.Z nD = SQRT( nX^2 + nY^2 + nZ^2 ) * See if we rammed into it if nD < 1 * If so, swap momenta nMX = oP.Mass * oP.dX nMY = oP.Mass * oP.dY nMZ = oP.Mass * oP.dZ oP.dX = (oP2.Mass * oP2.dX) / oP.Mass oP.dY = (oP2.Mass * oP2.dY) / oP.Mass oP.dZ = (oP2.Mass * oP2.dZ) / oP.Mass oP2.dX = nMX / oP2.Mass oP2.dY = nMY / oP2.Mass oP2.dZ = nMZ / oP2.Mass else * Find the force of gravity, then accelerate nG = 6.67300 * 10^-11 * ((oP.Mass * oP2.Mass) / nD^2) nG = nG / oP2.Mass nX = nX * (nG / nD) nY = nY * (nG / nD) nZ = nZ * (nG / nD) oP2.dX = oP2.dX + nX oP2.dY = oP2.dY + nY oP2.dZ = oP2.dZ + nZ endif endif endfor endfor t = t + 1 if t = 40 exit endif enddo * Print the final state of the model =============================== for ni = 1 to alen(aObjects) ?"Object " + tran(ni) ?"X = " + tran(aObjects[ni].X) + space(5) + ; "Y = " + tran(aObjects[ni].Y) + space(5) + ; "Z = " + tran(aObjects[ni].Z) ?"dX = " + tran(aObjects[ni].dX) + space(5) + ; "dY = " + tran(aObjects[ni].dY) + space(5) + ; "dZ = " + tran(aObjects[ni].dZ) endfor * Object Structure for Matter ====================================== define class Matter as Custom X = 0 Y = 0 Z = 0 dX = 0 dY = 0 dZ = 0 Mass = 0 function init lparameters x, y, z, dx, dy, dz, mass with this .X = x .Y = y .Z = z .dX = dx .dY = dy .dZ = dz .Mass = mass endwith return enddefine * End of File ====================================================== Pretty straightforward. No new physics there. According to Newton's physics and the algorithm, the first ball goes for 24 seconds before it strikes the second ball, and imparts its momentum in the same direction. The second and third balls later collide, sending the second ball in the opposite direction along X, and the third ball along the same direction with the same momentum as the first ball, because they had equal masses. Here are the results of the program after 40 seconds (each iteration is taken to be one second): Object 1 X = 23.999999997856310000 Y = 23.999999997742380000 Z = 0 dX = -0.000000000162605000 dY = -0.000000000165153000 dZ = 0 Object 2 X = 4.000000007280875000 Y = 92.000000006994780000 Z = 0 dX = -3.999999999608698000 dY = 4.000000000376372000 dZ = 0 Object 3 X = 60.000000001978650000 Y = 60.000000002269430000 Z = 0 dX = 1.000000000180668000 dY = 1.000000000195084000 dZ = 0 The decimal point is caused by gravity. If the effects of gravity are ignored, (nG = 0 instead of using the Universal Law of Gravitation and F=ma to calculate it) then the result is: Object 1 X = 24 Y = 24 Z = 0 dX = 0 dY = 0 dZ = 0 Object 2 X = 4 Y = 92 Z = 0 dX = -4 dY = 4 dZ = 0 Object 3 X = 60 Y = 60 Z = 0 dX = 1 dY = 1 dZ = 0 You can experiment more with this program using the minimal user interface for Microsoft Windows I created. http://www.cosmik-debris.net/science/universe.exe http://www.cosmik-debris.net/science/vfp8.exe (required runtime file - 10mb) Using the user interface, you can change the initial conditions and laws any way you'd like, and visualize the system any way you want. For example, if you run the program and give the second object a large mass like this: release aObjects public aObjects[3] * The parameters are X, Y, Z, dX, dY, dZ, mass, color aObjects[1] = create("Matter", 50+0, 50+0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 20, 0) aObjects[2] = create("Matter", 50+24, 50+24, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2*10^12, 255) aObjects[3] = create("Matter", 50+76, 50+20, 0, -1, 1, 0, 20, 0) you'll see object 3 go into orbit around it. But not all of the algorithm’s results are correct; for many reasons. As you may already know, or be able to detect from the rules of this model, a discrete time step means that an object at 0,0 traveling along the x-axis at 1 m/s will be at 0,0 during one iteration of the program and 1,0 at the next. Nowhere, and no when, in between. That means initial conditions that setup a collision in between seconds, such as: release aObjects public aObjects[2] * The parameters are X, Y, Z, dX, dY, dZ, mass, color aObjects[1] = create("Matter", 31, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 20, 0) aObjects[2] = create("Matter", 0, 31, 0, 2, 0, 0, 5, 255) you would expect a collision at 15.5 seconds, but it will not occur in the model. So this is a failed attempt at Newton's universe. Things just act goofy. Objects seemingly traveling directly through each other, and other objects acting as if they'd collided when they actually haven't. Plain silliness. It would take a considerable amount of time and effort to adjust this model to make it more accurate at predicting Newtonian mechanics. But Newtonian mechanics is an old theory. Modern physicsThe algorithm presented below is not quantum mechanics. Re-doing the algorithm for quantum mechanics will take the combined time and effort of many researchers from different fields. But for the purpose of explaining this conjecture, a crude proto-type can be used as a reference.* Set the initial conditions ======================================= * The parameters are X, Y, Z, dX, dY, dZ local aObjects[5] aObjects[1] = create("electron", 0, 5, 0, 1, 0, 0) aObjects[2] = create("proton", 0, 10, 0, 5, 0, 0) aObjects[3] = create("neutron", 0, 15, 0, 5, 0, 0) aObjects[4] = create("photon", 0, 20, 0, 10, 0, 0) aObjects[5] = create("graviton", 0, 25, 0, 100, 0, 0) * The laws of motion ============================================== do while .T. * Look at every object for each oP in aObjects * In motion stays in motion * At rest stays at rest oP.X = oP.X + oP.dX oP.Y = oP.Y + oP.dY oP.Z = oP.Z + oP.dZ endfor enddo * Object Structures for Matter ====================================== define class electron as matter enddefine define class proton as matter enddefine define class neutron as matter enddefine define class photon as matter enddefine define class graviton as matter enddefine define class Matter as Custom X = 0 Y = 0 Z = 0 dX = 0 dY = 0 dZ = 0 function init lparameters x, y, z, dx, dy, dz with this .X = x .Y = y .Z = z .dX = dx .dY = dy .dZ = dz endwith return enddefine * End of File ====================================================== This shows five different particles and bosons traveling in a straight line. No interactions are occurring. It isn't very quantum mechanics like right now. But the different ways of describing the motion and interactions of the particles is an endless field of research. Those are problems that have technical, yet attainable solutions. What doesn't appear so attainable is resolving this model's incompatibility with the Uncertainty Principle. Here is my suggestion: Mind Postulate: The mind is a self-referential axiomatic system that exists and operates according to the initial conditions and laws of the universe Measurement Postulate: Measurements, such as distance, duration, and mass, are statements of the mind If we examine the algorithm in light of these postulates, measurements do not exist in the model. There is no sub-system in the model that can observe the model to produce a measurement. Therefore, according to the postulates, the model doesn't predict any measurements. By the way of the new postulates, X, Y, and Z don't represent measurements of position. Therefore it can't be falsified by the Uncertainty Principle. For the same reasons, the model is not falsified by special relativity for failing to predict time dilation. In fact, as it sits, it is an unfalsifiable hypothesis. It becomes a falsifiable hypothesis if measurements can be predicted from it. To attain measurements from the model consistently with the postulates, first the interactions necessary to model an atom must be implemented. Initially, it appears a computer experimenter could get by with the electromagnetic force and the strong force to hold the nucleons and electrons together. The ability to make atoms with the algorithm should lead the way to the simulation of molecules and eventually more complex physical objects, even though the underlying algorithm is merely computing the motion and interaction of elementary particles. The goal of building molecules is to build a system that makes measurements of its world, like a neural network. Such capability would allow a researcher to model a universe that is able to measure itself using instruments that exist and operate according to the models initial conditions and laws. Once there is an algorithm that models atoms and molecules, the first experiment to perform with the algorithm should be the double slit experiment. While the computer scientist executing the algorithm will clearly know the slit through which the particle passes, an observer inside the algorithm will not. The measurements of the internal observer are what need to correspond to what is known in a real-world experiment. It would be interesting to see what happens. Conjecture
The Multiple Natures Conjecture is: by describing a universe whose laws
and initial conditions lead to an instrument which makes its own
description of the universe, accurate predictions for quantum and
relativistic phenomena can be extracted from the subjective ontology. |